Definitions for each B&O tax classification are listed below. Use these definitions to determine which classification(s) under which you need to report business income on the excise tax return. If you conduct multiple activities, you may need to report under several B&O tax classifications.
Take a look at our tax classifications for common business activities.
For assistance in determining the correct classification(s) for your business, or if you have received a return that does not have the classification(s) you need, contact us.
Cleanup of Radioactive Waste for US Government
Extracting, Extracting for Hire
Federal Aviation Administration (FAR) Repair Station
Gambling Contests of Chance (less than $50,000 per year)
Gambling Contests of Chance ($50,000 per year or more)
Insurance Agents/Insurance Brokers Commission
International Charter, Freight Brokers, Stevedoring, International Investment Management Services
Manufacturers/Processors for Hire of Semiconductor Materials
Manufacturing Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
Manufacturing Seafood Products
Manufacturing Wheat into Flour, Soybean & Canola Processing
Manufacturing Wood Biomass Fuel
Retailing of Interstate Transportation Equipment
Service and Other Activities ($1 million or greater in prior year)
Slaughtering, Breaking and Processing Perishable Meat - Wholesale
Specified Financial Institutions (Surcharge on Service & Other Activities)
Splitting or Processing of Dried Peas
Travel Agent Commissions/Tour Operators $250,000 or less
Travel Agent Commissions/Tour Operators more than $250,000
Vapor Solutions, Accessible Containers greater than 5 mL
Workforce Education (Surcharge on Service & Other Activities)
Applies to manufacturers and processors for hire of commercial airplanes or component parts of commercial airplanes, and/or for manufacturers that sell such commercial airplanes and components at retail or wholesale.
This rate expires on July 1, 2040. For more information, refer to the Special Notice - Increased B&O tax rates for certain aerospace tax classifications.
Applies to manufacturers of tooling specifically designed for use in manufacturing commercial airplanes or component parts of commercial airplanes, and/or for manufacturers that sell such tooling at retail or wholesale.
Cleanup of radioactive waste resulting from production of weapons or nuclear research and development when the work is done for the federal government. RCW 82.04.263
Removing natural resources from land or water. Examples include logging, mining, quarrying, and fishing operations. Persons selling resources extracted in Washington must also report under wholesaling and/or retailing. A Multiple Activities Tax Credit (MATC) (pdf) is available for persons extracting and selling natural resources in Washington. WAC 458-20-135
Note for Manufacturers and Extractors: All persons reporting manufacturing or extracting activities are to value their manufactured goods at the selling price (WAC 458-20-136). Therefore, manufactured items are not reported until sold. During the same reporting period, the items are to be reported under the wholesaling or retailing classification or both, depending on how the items are sold. To prevent double taxation, complete the Multiple Activities Tax Credit (MATC)form online.
Persons whose gross income from contests of chance is $50,000 or greater in a calendar year. Contests of chance include social card games, bingo, raffles, punchboard games, and pull-tabs. RCW 82.04.285, Special Notice - Business and occupation (B&O) tax rate increase for Contests of Chance ($50,000 or more a year) and Perimutuel Wagering.
Effective December 1, 2006, the business and occupation (B&O) tax rate for persons engaged in manufacturing or processing for hire semiconductor materials is reduced to 0.275 percent.
The term "semiconductor materials" means silicon crystals, silicon ingots, raw polished semiconductor wafers, and compound semiconductor wafers.
In addition, the sale of gases and chemicals used by a manufacturer or processor for hire in the production of semiconductor materials are now exempt from retail sales tax and use tax. This exemption is limited to gases and chemicals used:
Persons making tax exempt purchases of gases and chemicals must provide the vendor with a properly completed Buyers’ Retail Sales Tax Exemption Certificate (pdf).
Producing a new, different or useful substance or article of tangible personal property for sale or commercial or industrial use. Persons selling items must also report under wholesaling, and/or retailing. For products manufactured and sold in Washington, see the Multiple Activities Tax Credit (MATC) (pdf). WAC 458-20-136
Enter the dollar amount of manufactured products sold at wholesale/retail. This dollar amount should include only products you have manufactured and sold at wholesale/retail. Please do not include any products you may have sold at wholesale/retail but did not manufacture.
Note for Manufacturers and Extractors: All persons reporting manufacturing or extracting activities are to value their manufactured goods at the selling price (WAC 458-20-136). Therefore, manufactured items are not reported until sold. During the same reporting period, the items are to be reported under the wholesaling or retailing classification or both, depending on how the items are sold. To prevent double taxation, complete the Multiple Activities Tax Credit (MATC ) form online.
Income from manufacturing dairy products as defined in RCW 82.04.260(1)(c), such as milk, cheese, yogurt, ice cream, or whey from raw dairy materials, such as fluid or dehydrated milk or various milk products. Manufacturers may deduct this income when calculating their B&O tax and should claim a deduction for the full amount under “Exempt Manufactured Products.”
All wholesale sales should be reported under the Wholesaling B&O tax classification. A deduction may then be taken for the value of products manufactured and sold by the manufacturer at wholesale to a buyer who either:
Income from retail sales should be reported under the Retailing B&O tax and Retail Sales tax classifications. A deduction may then be taken under the B&O tax for the value of products manufactured and sold by the manufacturer at retail to a buyer that transports the product outside the state in the normal course of business. This deduction is claimed under “Dairy and Seafood Mfd Products for Transport Out of State.”
If you claim the deduction(s), you must electronically file an Annual Tax Performance Report by May 31 of the following year. Exempt Food Sales. RCW 82.04.4268.
Income from manufacturing fresh fruits and vegetables by canning, preserving, freezing, processing, or dehydrating fresh fruits or vegetables. Manufacturers are exempt from B&O tax on this income and should claim a deduction for the full amount under “Exempt Manufactured Products.”
All wholesale sales should be reported under the Wholesaling B&O tax classification. A deduction may then be taken for the value of products manufactured and sold by the manufacturer at wholesale to a buyer that transports the product outside the state in the normal course of business. This deduction is claimed under “Dairy, Fresh Fruit/Vegetable, and Seafood Mfd Products for Transport Out of State.” Income from retail sales should be reported under the Retailing B&O tax and Retail Sales tax classifications.
If you claim the exemption, you must electronically file an Annual Tax Performance Report by May 31 of the following year. Exempt Food Sales. RCW 82.04.4266.
Income from manufacturing seafood products when the seafood products remain in a raw, raw frozen, or raw salted state at the end of the manufacturing by that person. Manufacturers are exempt from B&O tax on this income and should claim a deduction for the full amount under “Exempt Manufactured Products.”
All wholesale sales should be reported under the Wholesaling B&O tax classification. A deduction may then be taken for the value of products manufactured and sold by the manufacturer at wholesale to a buyer that transports the product outside the state in the normal course of business. This deduction is claimed under “Dairy, Fresh Fruit/Vegetable, and Seafood Mfd Products for Transport Out of State.”
All retail sales should be reported under the Retailing B&O tax classification. A deduction may then be taken for the value of products manufactured and sold by the manufacturer at retail to a buyer that transports the product outside the state in the normal course of business. This deduction is claimed under “Dairy and Seafood Mfd Products for Transport Out of State.”
If you claim the exemption(s), you must electronically file an Annual Tax Performance Report by May 31 of the following year. Exempt Food Sales. RCW 82.04.4269.
Manufacturing in this state solar energy systems using photovoltaic modules or stirling converters. Also manufacturing in this state solar grade silicon, silicon solar wafers, silicon solar cells, thin film solar devices, or compound semiconductor solar wafers to be used exclusively in components of such systems. The B&O tax rate is 0.275 percent. Requires the business to file an Annual Tax Performance Report. See also Wholesaling of Solar Energy on this page. RCW 82.04.294.
If you manufacture wood biomass fuel, report the income under Manufacturing of Wood Biomass Fuel B&O tax classification. The tax rate is 0.138 percent. Wood biomass fuel means a liquid or gaseous fuel produced from lignocellulosic feedstocks, including wood, forest, field residue, and dedicated energy crops. The term does not include wood treated with chemical preservatives.
You should report all wholesale sales under the Wholesaling B&O tax classification. Then, you can take an Interstate and Foreign Sales deduction for the value of products you manufactured, sold at wholesale, and delivered to buyers outside the state. You should report income from retail sales under the Retailing B&O tax and Retail Sales tax classifications. Special Notice - Tax incentives for Converting Biogas into Marketable Coproducts and Manufacturing Wood Biomass Fuel.
Applies to aerospace non-manufacturers engaged in this state in the business of aerospace product development for others. “Aerospace product development” means research, design, and engineering activities performed in relation to the development of an aerospace product, including prototype development, testing and certification. The term includes the discovery of technological information, the translating of technological information into new or improved products, processes, techniques, formulas, or inventions and the adaption of existing products or new models or derivatives of products or models. “Aerospace Products” are commercial airplanes and their components, machinery and equipment designed primarily for the maintenance, repair, overhaul, or refurbishing of commercial airplanes or their components by federal aviation regulation part 145 certificated repair stations, tooling specifically designed for use in manufacturing commercial airplanes or their components.
An Annual Tax Performance Report must be filed with the Department detailing employment, wages, and employer provided health and retirement benefits for employment positions in Washington by May 31 of each year. Special Notice – Non-manufacturer Aerospace Tax Incentives.
Effective July 1, 2023, the B&O tax rate increases for persons engaged in the business of conducting race meets where a license must be obtained from the Washington Horse Racing Commission. The amount of tax is equal to the gross income of the business from parimutuel wagering multiplied by the rate of 0.20% through June 30, 2024 and .26% thereafter. “Gross income of business” received from parimutuel wagering does not include amounts paid to players for winning wagers, or taxes imposed or other distributions required under Chapter 67.16 RCW.
The B&O tax imposed on person conducting race meets is in addition to any other tax imposed on such activities and will be deposited in the problem gambling account. For more information, see our Special Notice - Business and occupation (B&O) tax rate increase for Contests of Chance ($50,000 or more a year) and Perimutuel Wagering.
Grocery distribution cooperative" means an entity that sells groceries and related items to customer-owners of the grocery distribution cooperative and has customer-owners, in the aggregate, who own a majority of the outstanding ownership interests of the grocery distribution cooperative or of the entity controlling the grocery distribution cooperative. "Grocery distribution cooperative" includes an entity that controls a grocery distribution cooperative.
Businesses that print and/or publish newspapers as defined in RCW 82.04.214.
Businesses claiming the preferential tax rate must electronically file an Annual Tax Performance Report by May 31 of the year following any calendar year when they claim the reduced B&O tax rate.
Note: This preferential tax rate is replaced by an exemption effective January 1, 2024. For more information, please see our special notice Newspaper publishers B&O Tax exemption.
Disposing of low-level waste as defined by RCW 43.145.010 which states: Low level waste means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily beta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities which exceed applicable federal or state standards for unrestricted release. Low level waste does not include waste containing more than ten nanocuries of transuranic contaminants per gram of material, not spent reactor fuel, nor material classified as either high-level waste or waste which is unsuited for disposal by near-surface burial under any applicable federal regulations. RCW 82.04.260, RCW 43.145.010 Note: This tax classification is used by only a few select taxpayers.
Applies to all transactions subject to retail sales tax. Sale, rental, repair, or installation (including labor) of tangible personal property and digital products purchased by consumers for their own use (not for direct resale or as an ingredient used to produce or process an article for resale). Includes transient lodging and some amusement, personal services, and recreation activities. Construction (material and labor) performed for a consumer is a retail activity. RCW 82.04.050
This classification, with respect to sales to motor carriers, applies to retail sales that are exempt from retail sales taxes because of other statutory provisions. When the retail sales tax exemption requirements for other classification are met, this classification applies to sales and service of motor vehicles, trailers, and component parts, the lease of motor vehicles and trailers without an operator, and charges for labor and services rendered in respect to constructing, cleaning, repairing, altering or improving vehicles and trailers or their component parts. The seller must obtain a Buyers' Retail Sales Tax Exemption Certificate (pdf) from the buyer. WAC 458-20-174; 458-20-175; 458-20-176
Income from royalties or charges in the nature of royalties for the granting of intangible rights. The term royalties means compensation for the use of intangible property such as copyrights, patents, licenses, franchises, trademarks, trade names, and similar items. It does not include licenses for canned software or compensation related to natural resources, such as mining or drilling rights. RCW 82.04.2907, Special Notice - Royalties B&O Tax Rate Increase
It does not include persons engaged in the business of repairing, improving, etc., the personal property of others, such as automobile, house, jewelry, radio, refrigerator and machinery repairmen, laundry or dry cleaners. Also, it does not include certain personal and professional services specifically included within the definition of a "sale at retail," such as amusement and recreation businesses of a participatory nature, abstract, title insurance and escrow businesses. WAC 458-20-224
Applies to the amount of tax payable under the Service and Other Activities B&O tax classification by businesses (or their affiliated group) that have taxable income of $1 million or more reported under the Service and Other Activities classification in the prior calendar year. (See the Workforce Education page for more detailed information.)
Applies to the amount of tax payable under the Service and Other Activities B&O tax classification by specified financial institutions. RCW 82.04.29004
Applies to timber harvesting and certain manufacturing/processing activities to include certain sales of standing timber and certain definitions for this program. The tax applies to:
Taxpayers reporting under the reduced B&O tax rate must file all required tax returns and the Annual Tax Performance Reports using our e-file system. The Annual Tax Performance Report must be filed by May 31 of the year following the year in which the reduced rate is taken. Small Harvesters are not required to file the Annual Tax Performance Report or file electronically. RCW 82.04.260; WAC 458-20-13501
Your combined annual taxable amount from providing both travel agent and tour operator services must be $250,000 or less in the prior calendar year to qualify for this classification.
Your combined annual taxable amount from providing both travel agent and tour operator services must be more than $250,000 in the prior calendar year to qualify for this classification.
An excise tax due and payable by the first possessor in Washington of a vapor product that is not an accessible container greater than 5 mL. See our Vapor products tax page for more information.
An excise tax due and payable by the first possessor in Washington of a vapor product that is an accessible container greater than 5 mL. See our Vapor products tax page for more information.
Sales of tangible personal property and/or labor performed for persons who resell the same in the normal course of business. Wholesalers must obtain a Reseller Permit from their customer. Merely obtaining a UBI/account ID from the customer is not sufficient for this requirement. WAC 458-20-102
Making wholesale sales of solar energy systems using photovoltaic modules or stirling converters manufactured by the seller. Also making wholesale sales of solar grade silicon, silicon solar wafers, silicon solar cells, thin film solar devices, or compound semiconductor solar wafers manufactured by the seller to be used exclusively in components of such solar energy systems. The B&O tax rate is 0.275 percent. Requires the business to file an Annual Tax Performance Report. See also Manufacturing of Solar Energy on this page. RCW 82.04.294.